中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
“伴侣病了”成为一场对夫妻关系的考验****** 最近,社交平台上的风向,从朋友圈分享“自己阳了的体验”,到关注“阳康”之后的知识科普,还有分享“阳了之后,伴侣的反应和行为”,也令大家思考亲密关系和“阳康”之后的人生感悟。“伴侣阳了”“家庭成员阳了”成为一场对关系的考验,从各个角度考察两个人是否是合适的伴侣,家人能否一起处理好琐碎的日常、承担生活的重压。中国心理卫生协会会员、国家二级心理咨询师张燕也通过亲身感受,与记者分享阳前、阳中、阳后的心理解读与感悟。 扬子晚报/紫牛新闻记者 张楠 “阳”之前,有人焦虑有人窃喜 阳之前的心理表现因人而异,有人出现“幻阳”焦虑,也有人产生自认“天选之子”的窃喜。 “开玩笑说自己是‘天选打工人’,别人都阳了,自己就是被留下来给全家人做饭的,或者被选中在单位干活的。这种调侃背后的心理,有一种在竞争环境中被特殊照顾、被优待的感觉。”张燕表示,也有不少人出现了焦虑心态,比如一直注重身材的人突然出现暴饮暴食,认为有正当理由让自己好好吃、好好睡了,但其实内心并没有“放开”,可能吃完之后就后悔了,这些都是阳之前出现的焦虑心态。 得了“哎呀株”的男同胞,更好命? 许多人对这样的段子深有共鸣——高烧40摄氏度的妻子仍戴着口罩在厨房烧饭,39摄氏度的娃活蹦乱跳,中的怕不是“跳舞株”之类,烧到38摄氏度的老公躺在床上“哎呀”声不断,感觉病得不轻。张燕表示,至于阳中的心理表现,许多人在朋友圈晒温度,引来许多朋友的关注,“卖惨”也是一种心理需要,被关注的感觉还不错。“大家调侃男同胞好像对病痛的耐受能力要弱一些,当身体出现状况时,对身边人会更苛刻,尤其是夫妻之间,觉得她不把自己放在心上,只顾着看手机。生病最脆弱的时候,看谁都不舒服。病人都有怀疑和否定的想法,产生没有人帮我,无助无望的情绪,更糟糕的想法都会产生,也很正常。这时候特别需要被看见、被照顾,像个婴儿一样。” 很多人阳了之后不会向伴侣寻求安慰和关怀,而是等待对方主动询问自己需要什么。如果对方无法“猜中”自己的心思,给不了满意的回应和照顾,就会失望,累积的怨念上升为对伴侣的不满和对关系的怀疑。这十分考验有没有在关系中建立起足够的安全感,是否缺乏对对方的信任。 生病和照顾病人不是一件单一的任务。这个场景下包含着很多问题的碰撞:两个人看待家务的态度,对疾病和政策的看法,处理突发问题的方式等等。重点还是要看是否有协调、求同存异的可能。 历经疼痛、怀疑、否定、无助、无望等种种复杂心理情绪,人们也由此对人生进行重新思考。张燕表示,其实人们一辈子都有被关爱的情感需求,需要家人对我们关爱照顾,结婚后移情,对父母的需要寄托在另外一半身上。但你会发现,夫妻相处,跟爸妈对自己的爱,还是有差别。有时候不会为对方委曲求全,也会招致怀疑,他爱我吗?这都是两性关系磨合中的正常阶段,每个人都会经历。”所以,面对新冠的考验,这时候对一个人好,往往更容易链接其情感。夫妻之间不妨利用危机,更好地表达情感,共患难和经历挫折,让情感更进一步。” 积极思考“生命的合作” 随着朋友圈陆续“转阴”,张燕认为,生活是变化的,大家要适应变化做好准备,迎接挑战。“我们会发现,关系和陪伴对我们来说无比重要。人生到底什么最重要,只有在最关键时刻,才能知道。平时我们马不停蹄工作,并创造价值,但在创造价值的同时,也不要忽略,更多安慰和陪伴家人,或许会带来幸福感和安全感。” 张燕说,“我们也充分意识到,生命需要合作,无论你是什么状态,都需要身边有人在,比如亲人,爱人,朋友。毕竟一个人的时间和精力有限,需要有同盟的人,需要与被需要,共同存在。在人际关系中,做好这一点,才能游刃有余。”因此,她建议,照顾好身边的人,提供服务和表达需要的事情,才能增进彼此感情。 另外,生活中有许多不确定性,我们努力的这个过程,可以扩大我们的生命质量。不妨多做一些可以让自己舒服,让身边的人开心的事情。 (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |